Hot-top



L. B. LINDEMUTH.

HOT TOP.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I3, 1919.

Patented Mar. 9, 1920.

Lewis B. LINDEMUTH, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

HOT-TOP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 13, 1919. Serial No. 330,275.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Lnwrs B. LINDE- MUTH, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the State of New York, United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot-Tops; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,.clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to sink-heads, feeders, or so-called hot tops used in the cast ing of ingots and other heavy castings.

I have invented a hot-top made of sheetmetal, and the present invention is an improvement on metal hot-tops in which, preferably, that portion of the top which is positioned below the top of the mold is preferably provided with a continuous peripheral depression, fold, or the like, that decreases the cross-section of the ingot or casting,.

thereby forming a groove therein.

' This groove may be positioned at any desired point of the casting within the limits of operation of the hot-top, by raising or lowering the top with respect to the mold.

The positioning can readily be accomplished, as the sheet metal hot-top is frictionally held in the to of the mold. The hot-top becomes welde to the ingot or casting, and when the ingot is removed from the mold it presents, preferably, a continuous peripheral groove or nick formed by the indentation in the hot-top, so that'the ingot can be readily cropped, the nick or groove determining thebreaking point of thelcrop end from the body of the ingot. This can readily be done under a power hammer.

Inasmuch as the hot-top is frictionally held in the top of the ingot mold,-it may be raised or lowered at will, to suit any condition desired, so that the nick will be located in the ingot or casting as required.

Referrmg to the drawings, in which like parts are similarly designated- Fi re 1 is a cross section showing; the hot-top applied to an ingot mold.

- Figs. 25 are enlarged cross-sectional views illustrating different shapes for the fold, groove, crimp or the like in the hottop.

Referring to Fig. 1, the hot-top or sinkhead 5 is composed of sheet metal, the thickness being exaggerated in the drawings for the sake of clearnessf The sheet metal of the hot-top 5 is preferably shaped around a suitable form to fit the desired size of ingot mold 1. The edges of the sheet metal The crimp may be made to diminish'the cross section of the mold and casting any desired extent,.but under ordinary circumstances it is dimensioned about 10% of the internal diameter of the mold, so thatthere will be a reduction of about 20% of the cross sectional area. It is preferable, however,to maintain the reduction of area as low as possible consistent with the breaking properties of the particular metal. For example, in order to easily crop an ingot of high carbon steel, the depth of notch should be greater than for an ingot of high speed steel, and similarly low carbon steel ingots will have to be more deeply notched than high carbon steels, so that the crimps a will be dimensioned to conform to the particular composition of metals to be cast.

Surrounding the sink head or hot-top 5 is a packing retainer or boX 6 having a bottom flange 7 that rests on the top of the mold 1,

leaving an annular space 8 between the edge of said flange 7 and the hot-top 5. The

space between the box 6 and top 5 is filled with loose dry sand, or other non-conductor of heat. If desired, a packing 13 of clay,

asbestos rope or equivalent may be placed,

. tosli'de down into the mold upon the cooling of the casting, while the metal in the hottop5 above the top of the mold 1- is kept hot by theheat insulating material 11.

The notch in the casting may easily be Patented Mar. 9, 1920. r

ing the hot-top 5 to agreater or less extent into the top of the mold.

The hot-top becomes welded to the casting and is used but once. The part aboveth'e crimp= and broken off. with the-crop and goes into the scrap, ,While the lower part adhering to the body of the ingot will dis-' appear in the subsequent heat treatments,

manipulations of ingots and or other usual .castings. V v The'materia-l of which the hot-top is made is preferably of the same composition as the metal cast, so as not to alter the composition of the crop ends used as scrap metal.

The hot top, thoughthin and of the same composition as the metal poured, does not I melt because the material of the hot top is cold, and the moment that the molten metal comes into contact with it a thin layer of the molten metal solidifies to the surface of the hot top. This quick chilling of a thin'section of the surface of the ingot is sufiicient to keep-the hot top from melting.

In Fig. 1 I have shown the hot-top applied to a very small ingot, say about four inches in diameter, the metal is about 22 gage sheet steel,-or about 0.0312 inches thick, the depth of the crimp about three-eighths of an inch, and the angle included between the sides of the crimp is about 60; The diameter of the container 6 is about eight inches with about one-quarter of an inch thickness of its walls.

In Fig. 2 I have shown another form of crimp a" where the sides of V-shaped crimp Fig. 1, are brought close together.

In Fig. 3 the crimp a is semicircular in 7 cross section.

In Fig. 4 the crimp a is rectangular in cross section, having substantially parallel walls 7) connected by a straight end wall a.

In Fig. 5 vthe crimp a is formed by combining the structures shown in Figs. 1 and 4;

having substantially parallel walls 6 connected by a V-shaped end wall 03.

My invention is not limited to the particular shape of the crimp, as any shape thatcan be easily made may be used, however, experience shows that the simple V-. shaped crimp can be very easily rolled into the sheet metal before forming the hot-top around a suitable form.

Nor is the invention limited to the formationof a continuous groove in the casting. For example, for polygonal ingots the crimps can be located at alternate sides, or on opposite sides, and especially would this be effective in-castings whose cross sections are oblong, the crimps being arranged at I -m aaqe ingot will be indented onlyv on larger zsaidkhotetop in Welded connection withtheeas 2. A sheet metal hot-top having a crimp therein for forming a groove in a casting.

having a crimp therein and having itsedges secured together, the crimp operating to 3. A hot-top,comprisi'ng a sheet of metal diminish the internal cross section 'andthereby form a groove in acasting.

LA sheet metal hot-top having a V- shaped crimp in its lower portion.

' 5. A sheet metal hot-top having a V shaped crimp, and dimensioned for frictional engagement with the sides of the mold.

6. A sheet metal hot-top crimped peripherally for increasing the facility of rupture of a casting at said crimp.

7. A sheet metal hot-top having a pe-, ripheral, continuous, inwardly directed crimp.

8. A sheet metal hot-top having a peripheral, inwardly directed crimp, said hot-top having overlapping edges secured together and dimensioned for frictional contact with 4 the interior of a mold.

9. A sheet metal hot-top having a continuous, peripheral, inwardly directed crimp in its lower portion, the edges of said sheet metal overlapping and the hot-top dimensioned for frictional contact with the interior of a m ld. v 10. A sheet metal hot-top peripherally crimped, the cross-section of said crimp having substantially parallel portions connected by a V-shaped wall.

11. A sheet metal hot-top crimped inwardly, of substantially the same composition as the metal to be cast therethrough, and dimensioned for frictional contact with a mold.

12. A sheet metal'hottop of the composioned for vertically, adjustable frictional contact with the interior of a mold.

13. An imperforate sheet metal hot-top for welding connection with a casting, the composition of which is the same composition as that of the metal of the casting.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name hereto.

LEWIS 4B. 'L'INDEMUTH. 

